Refrigerating system



June 21, 19381 I L. D. KELLOGG 2,121,083

REFRIGERATING SYSTEM Filed Oct. 15, 1951 BX I Em: i E'fiay 17 32911029 P4....e1,;....2., I "2,121,083,

' 55 ly, and the contact of whichcontrols the enercondenser CQN 'reirigerant'is v 2.121.082 .BEFnIGErtA'rmG sYs'rEM Leroy D. -Kellogg; Deer-field, Ill., assignor to Kelon-Switchboard and Supply Company, Chi- 1 V cago; 111., a corporation oi Illinois Application October '15, 1931 Serial No. 568,914 11Claims.(0l.62-4) .q JMy' invention relates to refrigerating systems gizlng circuit of an electromagnetic device herein 1 land more particularly to that type of mechaniv shown as an electromagnet R. The device R;

cal refrigerating system used in. the home for is associated with a valve V, a detailed view 01,

;.s AT1;s PATENT. OFFICE. Y

preserving food supplies and the like. which is shown in Fig. 2, and controls the op- 6 Such a system usually comprises a cooling coil, eration thereof as will be explained later. '5 .a compressor anda condenser The liquid re- The motor M drives a wheel W by suitable frigerant passes into the cooling coil where it means such as a belt b. Wheel W is fixed to'thep vaporizes thereby lowering the, temperature of crank shaft CK of the compressor CP which coinf the compartmentin which the cooling oil is 10-. prises a cylinder cy, a piston P, and a connecting "lo cated. 'I'hecompressor removes thevapor from rod or which joinsthe piston to the crank shaft 10 1 the cooling coil and passes it tothe condenser CK. Valves 1; and v are provided at the top under pressure where it is converted back into of the cylinder 01/ and are. adapted to assume the "a liquid. The compressor is driven by a motor alternate positions shown in dotted'lines.

or engine of any suitable type which starts and Pipes 1) and p are provided toconduct a liquid 16 stops underv the control of means, such as a "refrigerant such as ammonia to the cooling coil thermostat, responsive to the temperature or CC. A pressure reducing valve EX, commonly condition of the compartment being cooled. known as an expansion valve,'is interposedbe- Under ordinary circumstancesin the average tweenthe'pip'e'p' and cofl CC. The other end of home the compressor will be operating only about the coil CC is connected by'a pipe p to the valve 20 one-'third oi'the'time. It is an object of my in- V. Pipe p also supplies a second cooling coil CC 80 i vention to provide'ja .secondfcooling coil which similar to coil CC, with the selected liquid remay be'utilized to coolanother compartment.. fr'igerant through-an expansion valve EX'. The such as .a room in the home and to usethe same r other end of t e coil CC is connected to the compressor ,to operate in conjunction with the V ve, V y a D m q p with a two Pressure second cooling coil when it is'not in use with the valve, to which is oi \a' type well known inthe 28 cooling coil of the food refrigerator, art and maintains thfeproper pressure relation Another objectoi my invention is the provision between the coil CC and the compressor 0?. u vof means ior automatically controlling the op- The valveV comprises a casing; -(see Fig. 2) 'eration of my improved system of refrigeration. within whichis located the electromagnetlc de 30 Referring to the accompanying drawingpin viceR' -having an armature 4 pivoted at point 80 which like reference characters in the different 5. The end 6 of the armature l is' provided" with views represent like parts,. j I the movable valve membersland 8 formed of Flg.- 1 is a schematic .drawingof the refrigany suitable material and secured to the armacrating system of my invention; and ture inanydesiredmanner; The member I is Fig.1 2'is ,a detail view oi! the valve used in; adapted to iit-into the end of pipe 32 to normally '85 'the system. 7 u r close that pipe. This normal position of the In Fig, '1 aliquid receiver LR is provided which ?'member .1; may be; maintained by having -the contains a suitable'amountof any desirable liquid armature 4 weighted or under spring-tension or refrigerant such as sulphur dioxide, ammonia or in any other way. When an energizing circuit is mig foth mil substance, A foodccmpar'tclosed for the device- R the armature 4 is at- 40 .ment FC'in which food may be placed is"provided k tracted thereby and as it is pi gotedat 6 wlll're- A with a. cooling coil cc which occupies a portion e t m be 1 ro t e e p p 11 and Y of, the space therein. Usually it'isdesired that will. cause the member 8 to enter the 'end of i the temperature of such a compartment be mainpipe 12 .The .valvelfias shown in Fig. 2 is merely 4-5 "tained between a'high point of. about 20 F. andaa diagrammatic illustration of anyxof the well I low point of'about 5 F, that is, the temperature known two-way valves which are old in the is allowed to vary between these two points To Itis to be understood that I do not wish to be obtain this desired result a switch '3 havlng'a limited-to the device shown butthat I'ai'm to pair oi-contacts which may be thermostatically any of the two-way valves which are capable or ,50 controlled is also located in the'corfipartment FC. being electrically operated to produce the de-- These contactsS control an ener izin clrcuit for scribed desired result; v v I an electromagnetic device or relay 3',- the contact I A pipe p xt d from th v l V t th i tgk of which controls onecircuit for an electric motor side of the compressor 01? and a pipe 9 extends M, the purpose of which will be described presentfrom the output side .of the compressor 6'1? to a v CON may be of the air cooled or water cooled type or any other desired form.

The cooling coil CC may be located in a box Bar of an air conditioning device which is connected with a room in the house which it is desired to cool. If desired, means such as an electric fan, not shown, may be provided to force the cooled air in the box Ba: into the room to be cooled. A double switch S is locatedin the room to be cooled and may be controlled manually or by means of a thermostat located in the room. When the switch S is actuated the contacts a; and a engage each other to close an energizing circuit for the electromagnetic device R located in the valve V and the contacts b and b close to establish a circuit to operate the motor M. Batteries B and B are provided to furnishcurrent to energize, the electromagnets R and R. The leads I and I are connected to any suitable source of current such as the house lighting system and furnish operating current for the motor M.

The operation of the system of my invention is as follows.

the food compartment PC has risen sufficiently to cause the thermostat (not shown) to close the contacts of switch S. Current will immediately flow from the positive side of the battery B through the closed switch S, the coil of relay R to the negative pole of battery B. This flow 01 current will energize the relay R which will at-, tract its armatures I and 2. The attraction of armature 2 prevents the energization of the relay;

R. The attraction of contact I closes an operating circuit for the electric motor M which circuit can be traced from one side of the supply line, over conductor I, alternate contact I of relay R, through the motor M to the other side of the line via conductor I.

The motor M operates and rotates the wheel W which causes a reciprocating movement of the piston P within the cylinder cy as is well understood by those skilled in the art. The liquid refrigerant, which is under considerable pressure,

'fiows from LR through the pipes p and p to'th'e' expansion valve Er where it is passed into the coil CC under a greatly reduced pressure. The temperature of the air in the food compartment is sufliciently high to cause the liquid refrigerant to boil or change into a gas. The heat used to cause this change is taken from the air and the temperature in the food compartment isv accord ingly reduced.

As the armature l of the valve V is in its normal position the member 8 israised and the-end of pipe p" is open. As the piston 1 moves downwardly the valves and v assume their alternate positions indicated by the dotted lines and the gas 1 in the cooling 0011 CC is drawn through pipe p,

valve V, pipe pand valve 0' into the cylinder cmj As the piston P moves upwardly the valvef' v= closes and the gas withinthe cylinder cw: is placed under pressure which opens the valve p. thnsab lowing thegasj within the cylinder tof flow' through the open valve 12 and pipe-p toethe-condenser where it; is changed into. a liquid-,randreturned to theliquid receiver This-process is continued-{until the temperature within food compartment rc isrechced tofthe. at'

which the-thermostat (not shown) separates the.

contacts S thereby opening the men gizing cifrcuit ol 'relay R which restores its contacts I -2*to normal. The restoration of contact I breaks the circuit for the electric motor Assume that the temperature in M which ceases operating and stops the compressor CP. All the apparatus is normal at this time.

Assume next that the switch S is operated either manually or under the control of a thermostatic device. The closure of, the contacts b and b establishes an operating circuit for the electric motor M which may be traced over conductor I, contacts b and b, conductor 9, motor M and conductor I. The motor M operates and drives the compressor C? as before explained. The contacts a and a move to heir alternate positions and close an energizing circuit for the relay R which may be traced from the battery B, conductor I0, relay R, conductor II, contacts a and a, conductor I2, normal contact 2 to the battery B. The relay R is energized over this circuit and attracts its armature I which removes the member I from the end of pipe p and places the member 8 in the end of pipe W to close the same. Under these circumstances the gas in the unit CC will be drawn into the cylinder c1! through, pipe 12 and valve to, valve V, pipe 12 and valve 12'. On the upward stroke of the piston P the gas is passed into the condenser CON under considerable pressure where it is changed back into liquid form and passes into the liquid receiver LR as before explained.

Should the switch S be operated while the unit CC is in operation nothing will happen until the switch S, which controls the operation of the unit CC, opens its contacts. As long as relay R is energized the contact 2 is in its alternate position and the energizing circuit for relay R is open. As soon as switch S opens its contacts the relay R deenergizes and restores contact 2 to its normal position thereby closing one break in the energizing circuit for electromagnet R previously traced.

If the unit CC is being operated and the switch S is closed the relay R will energize over a cirthe cooling coil or unit CC is subordinate, at all times, to the unit CC.

While I have illustrated and described one embodiment of my invention it is to be understood that I do not wish to be limited theretoas alterations and modifications may readily suggest themselves'to those skilled in the art, but aim to cover all cases which come within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent is: I 1. A refrigerating system of the character described including a compressor, a condenser, a liquid container connected-in series, a motor for driving said compressor, a plurality of cooling units,- each having its high pressure end con' nected to saidliquid container, an elec'tromagn'etically operated valve, a connection between said compressor and said valve and connections between said valve and the low pressure end 01' each of said cooling units, means for controlling the operation of one of said cooling units, other means for controlling the operation of a second cooling unit, both said means independentlyco'ntrolling the operation of said motor. I v 2. A. refrigerating system, a first cooling unit; a

llil

, 2,121,055; second cooling unit, a compartment adapted ,to' be:

cooledby said first cooling unit, a second compartment adapted to be cooled by said second cooling unit, a compressor, a valve normally connecting the low pressure side of said compressor to one of said cooling units, a connection between said valve and said other cooling unit, an electromagnet for operating said valve to connect said othercooling unit to said compressor, an energizing circuit for said electromagnet, a pair of thermostatically controlled contacts controlling said circuit, one of said contacts being associated with each of said compartments, said energizing trolling the operation of said cooling unit, a second cooling unit and means for controlling the operation of said second unit, a compressor, a two-way valve connected to the two controlling means and normally connecting said compressor on the low pressure side thereof to the first mentioned cooling unit, a connection between said valve and said second cooling unit, the second mentioned controlling means being arranged to operatively connect said secondcooling unit to, and disconnect said firstcooling unit from, said compressor, the first mentioned controlling means having precedence over the second men-' tioned controlling means and having control of said second means, said second means being operable only when said first means are not operating.

4. A refrigerating system of the character described including a cooling unit, a second cooling unit, a compressor, an 'electromagnetically controlled valve normally connecting the ,low pressure side of said compressorto said first cooling unit, a connection between said valve and said second cooling unit, and means for operating said valve to operatively connect said second cooling unit to'said compressor.

5. A refrigerating system of the character described including a cooling unit, a second cooling unit, a compressor, an 'electromagnetically controlled valvenormally connecting the low pressure side of said compressor to said first cooling unit, a connection between said valve and said second cooling unit, and means for operating said valve to operatively connect said second cooling unit to said compressor and disconnect said'first cooling unit from. said compressor.

6. A refrigerating system of the character described including a cooling unit, means for con! trolling the operation of said cooling unit, a secon'd cooling unit, a compressor, a valve normally connecting the low pressure side of said compressor to said first cooling unit a connection between said valve and said second cooling unit, and means for operating said valve to. disconnect said first cooling unit from and to connect said second cooling unit to said compressor, said first means having precedence over and control of each of saidcooling units.

said second means, said second means being subject to the operation of said first means,

'7. A refrigerating system of the character described including a cooling unit, means for controlling the'operation of said cooling unit, a second cooling unit, a compressor, a valve normally connecting the low pressure side of said compressor to said first cooling unit, a connection between said valve --:,and said second cooling unit, and means'ior operating said valve to disconnect said first cooling unit from and to connect said second cooling unit to said'compressor, said first means having precedence over and control of said second means, and said second means being operable only when said first means are not operating. 8. A refrigerating system of the character described including a cooling unit, means for controlling the operation of said cooling unit, a second cooling unit, a compressor, a valve normally connecting the low pressure side of said compressor to said first cooling unit, a connection between said valve and said second cooling unit, and means for operating'said valve to connect said second cooling unit to said compressor and disconnect said first unit, said first means being operable at anytime, said second means being subject to'the operation of said first means.

9. A refrigerating system of the character described including a cooling unit, a second cooling unit, a compressor, driving means for said compressor, a valve normally connecting said first cooling unit to the low pressure side of said compreasor, a connection between said valve and said second cooling unit, electromagnetic means for operating said valve to connect said second cooling unit to said compressor, a circuit for said electromagnetic means,'an electrical relay operacompressor to said second chamber, a thermo-x static switch and a relay controlled by said switch associated with said first chamber for restoring said valve to normal thereby giving precedence to said one of said chambers whereby it can use said common cooling apparatus until said chamher is cooled.

tion between said valve and said second cooling unit, an electromagnet for operating said valve to connect said second cooling unit to said compres sor, a circuit for said electrmagnet and a pair of thermostatically controlled contacts in said cir; cult, one of said contacts being associated with f LEROY D.- ELLOGG. 

